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Quality Unit (QU) [ Final Quality Authority • Regulatory Decisions • Independent Oversight ]
Authority to approve or reject components, in-process materials, labels, and finished dietary supplements
Authority Applied Using
Quality Control (QC – Control Framework) [ Acceptance criteria • Specifications • Release rules ]
Control framework defining quality requirements — not an Org role or function

• Environmental & facility • Material & component • Sampling & acceptance
• Analytical & measurement system • Process & In-process
• Stability & lifecycle • Disposition & release
• Data integrity & records • Change & continuous improvement
Quality Management System (QMS) [ Governance Framework • Process Structure • Effectiveness Oversight ]
System-level governance framework — not an Org role or function

• Supplier qualification • Approved supplier list
• Material status control (quarantine / released / rejected)
• Records management & data integrity (21 CFR 111 Subpart P • ALCOA+)
Operational Execution
Illustrative Operational (GMP & Direct Support) Process Families [ Executed by Operations • Governed by QMS • Independently Overseen by QA ]

QA provides independent quality oversight; QA does NOT execute GMP operations.

WH – Warehousing Receipt, storage, handling, and distribution of materials
PROD – Production Manufacturing and processing of GMP products
PKG – Packaging Labeling, packaging, and final presentation of product
SAN – Sanitation Cleaning, sanitation, and contamination control
Deviation Identified During Operations
Quality System Process Families (Administered by QA under QU Authority) [ Independent quality system governance - QA does NOT execute GMP operations ]
Deviation & Quality Event Lifecycle • System Execution • Escalation • Oversight Enablement
Deviation Lifecycle Management
Identification, documentation, investigation, and lifecycle oversight of deviations
Quality Events
Formal event classification, assessment, and escalation
CAPA Management
Root cause analysis, corrective and preventive actions
Change Management
Controlled evaluation, approval, and implementation of change
Audit Management
Assess compliance and quality system effectiveness
Training & Qualification
Ensure personnel are trained, qualified, and competent

Operations execute GMP activities; QA executes the quality system; QMS governs both under independent QU authority.

Authority Model Clarification: The Quality Unit (QU) holds final, non-delegable authority for GMP-related quality decisions and regulatory commitments. That authority is exercised within the governance frameworks of the Quality Management System (QMS) and the Quality Control (QC) framework.

Operational GMP activities are executed by Operations within defined Operational Process Families. The Quality System is administered by Quality Assurance (QA) through Quality System Process Families. Authority, governance, operational execution, and independent oversight are intentionally segregated.